St Andrews is famous for many things including Golf, fantastic sandy beaches, old fascinating architecture and much more. St Andrews is also a romantic holiday destination. The town was named after Saint Andrew the Apostle, the Royal Burgh of St Andrews (Scottish Gaelic: Cill Rìmhinn) is a town on the east coast of Fife, Scotland, and the home of golf. It has a population of about 18 000, and stands on the North Sea coast between Edinburgh and Dundee. It is home to Scotland's oldest university, the University of St Andrews.
A Pictish stronghold probably stood on the site of St Andrews, and tradition declares that Kenneth, the patron saint of Kennoway, established a Céli Dé monastery here in the 6th century. The place is not actually attested in contemporary records until 747, when the Irish annals report the death of Túathalán, abbot of "Cennrígmonaid" (Old Irish for "head of the King's monad", monad being a broad term meaning anything from "mountain" to "pastureland"). The foundations of the little church dedicated to the Virgin were discovered on the Kirkheugh in 1860. Another Céli Dé church of St Mary on the Rock is supposed to have stood on the Lady's Craig, now covered by the sea.
In the 12th and 13th centuries, the settelment had the name of Kilrymont (a Normanized spelling of Cell Rígmonaid, "the church of the King's monad") or of Muckross. Another legend tells how Saint Regulus or Rule (Riagail), the bishop of Patras in Achaea, was guided hither bearing the relics of Saint Andrew. The Pictish king Óengus mac Fergusa gave him a tract of land called the "Boar's Raik", no doubt the Boarhills of the present day, and the name of the spot was changed to "St Andrews".
St Andrews is said to have become a bishopric in the 9th century, and when the Pictish and Scottish churches merged in 908, the primacy was transferred to it from Dunkeld, its bishop becoming thereafter known as "bishop" or "high bishop of Scotland" (ardepscop Alban). It became an archbishopric during the primacy of Patrick Graham (1466 - 1478). The town was created a royal burgh in 1124.
In the 16th century St Andrews functioned as one of the most important ports north of the Forth and allegedly had 14,000 inhabitants, but it fell into decay after the Civil War. Daniel Defoe says that when he saw it one-sixth of its houses were ruinous and the sea had so encroached on the harbour that it was never likely to be restored; but the slight improvement in trade and public spirit which Bishop Pococke seemed to detect in 1760 continued throughout the 19th century.
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